Author: Rodrigo Arrangoiz MS, MD, FACS, FSSO

👉The mammogram shows trabecular thickening and an increased thickness of the skin.

👉Trabecular thickening is an increased prominence of linear structures in the breast, primarily corresponding to Cooper’s ligaments.

👉It is almost always seen in conjunction with skin thickening and indicates significant breast edema.

👉It has a number of different causes, including congestive heart failure, renal failure, venous or lymphatic obstruction, diffusely infiltrating carcinoma, and radiation.

👉When the cause is lymphatic obstruction, the obstruction can be the result of surgery, radiation, or lymphatic invasion by cancer.

👉Unilateral breast edema with increased trabecular and skin thickening sometimes occurs with congestive heart failure.

👉The pedal edema that develops during the daytime decreases at night and the fluid accumulates in the dependent breast in patients who sleep on their side.

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👉What are the latest advances in research on thyroid cancer?

👉Here’s a summary of recent findings on thyroid cancer, including clinical advances that may soon translate into improved care for patients: https://www.cancer.gov/types/thyroid/research

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👉Multifocality alone is not an indication for completion thyroidectomy in papillary thyroid cancer as shown in this article presented at #AAES2019

👉https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039606019305124?via%3Dihub#abs0010

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👉What do I need to consider before choosing therapy for Graves’Disease?

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👉The exact anatomical structure of the thyroid was described in 1656 by anatomist Thomas Wharton.

👉He thought it’s purpose was to heat the thyroid cartilage and lubricate the neck!

👉The name comes from the Greek thyreoeides, meaning shield-shaped.

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👉Potassium Iodide prior to total thyroidectomy for Graves’ disease reduces gland vascularity and decreases intra op blood loss but may not decrease risk of hypoparathyroidism or RLN injury

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👉Potassium Iodide prior to total thyroidectomy for Graves’ disease reduces gland vascularity and decreases intra op blood loss but may not decrease risk of hypoparathyroidism or RLN injury

#Arrangoiz

#ThyroidSurgeon

#ThyroidExpert

#GravesDisease

#HeadandNeckSurgeon

#Arrangoiz

#ThyroidSurgeon

#HeadandNeckSurgeon

#ThyroidExpert

#SurgicalOncologist

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