- Lymph node involvement:
- The incidence of nodal metastases in adults depends upon the extent of surgery:
- Among patients who undergo a modified radical neck dissection:
- Up to 80% have lymph node metastases:
- Half of which are microscopic
- Up to 80% have lymph node metastases:
- Even among patients with papillary microcarcinomas who have prophylactic central node dissection:
- Microscopic metastases have been reported in 37% to 64%
- Among patients who undergo a modified radical neck dissection:
- At diagnosis, clinically detectable regional lymph node metastases:
- Are more common in children (approximately 50%) than adults (30% to 40%)
- The incidence of nodal metastases in adults depends upon the extent of surgery:
- Invasion of either the thyroid capsule or a lymph node capsule into surrounding soft tissue:
- Has been reported in 5% to 35% of surgical specimens
- Vascular invasion:
- Is seen in only approximately 5% to 10% of the cases
- Metastases:
- From 2% to 10% of patients have metastases beyond the neck at the time of diagnosis:
- Among such patients:
- Two-thirds have pulmonary and one-fourth have skeletal metastases
- Rarer sites of metastasis are the:
- Brain, kidneys, liver, and adrenals
- Among such patients:
- From 2% to 10% of patients have metastases beyond the neck at the time of diagnosis:
#Arrangoiz #ThyroidSurgeon #ThyroidExpert #CancerSurgeon #HeadandNeckSurgeon #SurgicalOncologist #MountSinaiMedicalCenter #Miami #Mexico #ThyroidCancer #PapillaryThyroidCancer #PTC
Rodrigo Arrangoiz MS, MD, FACS, FSSO 