MAPK Signaling Cascade in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Rodrigo Arrangoiz MS, MD, FACS, FSSO
Schematic representation of the MAPK signaling cascade in papillary thyroid carcinoma
  • MAPK, also known as ERK:
    • Translocates to the nucleus and promotes cell division:
      • When it is phosphorylated by MEK:
        • A serine / threonine kinase
    • Constitutive activation of this process:
      • Is tumorigenic
  • MAPK phosphorylation is a relatively distal step in a sequential phosphorylation cascade:
    • That can begin with the activation of a tyrosine kinase:
      • Is followed by phosphorylation of RAS:
        • Which activates BRAF:
          • A serine / threonine kinase
      • This is followed by MEK and MAPK phosphorylation
  • In papillary thyroid carcinoma:
    • Somatic genetic alterations at three of these steps:
      • Activate this linear signaling cascade
  • A gene rearrangement:
    • Creating a chimeric RET or TRK activates the initial tyrosine kinase step
  • Activating point mutations of either RAS or BRAF:
    • Constitutively activates these proteins
  • The tyrosine kinase, RAS, and BRAF genetic alterations:
    • Are usually mutually exclusive, suggesting that any single alteration is sufficient to play an early role in tumorigenesis

#Arrangoiz #ThyroidSurgeon #CancerSurgeon #ThyroidExpert #SurgicalOncologist #HeadandNeckSurgeon #MountSinaiMedicalCenter #Miami #Mexico

Published by Rodrigo Arrangoiz MS, MD, FACS, FSSO

My name is Rodrigo Arrangoiz I am a breast surgeon/ thyroid surgeon / parathyroid surgeon / head and neck surgeon / surgical oncologist that works at Center for Advanced Surgical Oncology in Miami, Florida. I was trained as a surgeon at Michigan State University from (2005 to 2010) where I was a chief resident in 2010. My surgical oncology and head and neck training was performed at the Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia from 2010 to 2012. At the same time I underwent a masters in science (Clinical research for health professionals) at the University of Drexel. Through the International Federation of Head and Neck Societies / Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center I performed a two year head and neck surgery and oncology / endocrine fellowship that ended in 2016. Mi nombre es Rodrigo Arrangoiz, soy cirujano oncólogo / cirujano de tumores de cabeza y cuello / cirujano endocrino que trabaja Center for Advanced Surgical Oncology en Miami, Florida. Fui entrenado como cirujano en Michigan State University (2005 a 2010 ) donde fui jefe de residentes en 2010. Mi formación en oncología quirúrgica y e n tumores de cabeza y cuello se realizó en el Fox Chase Cancer Center en Filadelfia de 2010 a 2012. Al mismo tiempo, me sometí a una maestría en ciencias (investigación clínica para profesionales de la salud) en la Universidad de Drexel. A través de la Federación Internacional de Sociedades de Cabeza y Cuello / Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center realicé una sub especialidad en cirugía de cabeza y cuello / cirugia endocrina de dos años que terminó en 2016.

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