- Several definitions of resectability of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been approved for determining the possibility for complete clearance (R0 resection) by surgery:
- Taking into account oncological and general aspects
- Surgical resectability of PDAC is assessed by:
- The evaluation of local tumor extension to vessels and distant metastases
- Excluding tumor with distant metastases:
- Which is defined as unresectable with metastases (UR‐M:
- Local resectability is classified in three categories:
- Resectable (R)
- Borderline resectable (BR)
- Unresectable (UR‐LA)
- R PDAC shows:
- No vascular infiltration to major vessels
- Complete clearance of R tumor is required in standard pancreatectomy without combined vascular resection
- BR PDAC is sub‐classified into two categories:
- BR‐PV showing PV distortion or narrowing
- BR‐A showing semi‐circumferential abutment with a major artery
- There is a theoretical “borderline” between BR‐PV and BR‐A:
- Whereas PV resection is currently recommended for achieving R0 resection:
- Arterial resection remains controversial due to significantly increased rates of morbidity
- Whereas PV resection is currently recommended for achieving R0 resection:
- There is a theoretical “borderline” between BR‐PV and BR‐A:
- From the surgical perspective, BR‐PV PDAC is borderline resectable:
- Whereas BR‐A PDAC is borderline unresectable
- Considering surgical feasibility:
- R and BR‐PV PDAC should be considered as:
- Candidates for “PDAC that is planned for resection (potentially resectable PDAC):
- Potentially resectable PDAC has been treated by upfront surgery, although neoadjuvant for BR PDAC might be considered given the poor oncological outcomes
- Candidates for “PDAC that is planned for resection (potentially resectable PDAC):
- R and BR‐PV PDAC should be considered as:

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