Evaluation of Breast Nodules by Ultrasound

1. You first evaluate the lesion for any of the 10 malignant signs:

  • Shadowing
  • Hypoechoic echotexture
  • Spiculation
  • Angular margins
  • Thick echogenic capsule
  • Taller than wider
  • Microlobulation
  • Duct extension
  • Branching pattern
  • Calcifications

2. Finding none, you move on to the second step in the evaluation process and specifically look for one of the three strictly defined benign signs, and if any of them is found, the lesion can be considered BI-RADS 3.

3. The three benign findings defined by Stavros are:

  • A purely hyperechoic lesion with no hypoechoic area larger than a normal duct or lobule.
  • Elliptical, wider than tall, well-circumscribed and thin echogenic capsule.
  • Gently lobulated, wider than tall, well-circumscribed and thin echogenic capsule.

– Combining the elliptical or gently lobulated shapes with the presence of a complete, thin echogenic capsule is necessary because many circumscribed carcinomas and most ductal carcinoma in situ are encompassed in a thin, echogenic capsule.

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