How Common Is Thyroid Cancer? (Putting Risk in Perspective)Thyroid Awareness Month – 

Thyroid Awareness Month

How Common Is Thyroid Cancer? (Putting Risk in Perspective)

Hearing the word cancer is frightening—but it’s important to understand the actual risk.

📊 How common is thyroid cancer?

Thyroid cancer accounts for ~1–2% of all cancers Although diagnoses have increased (largely due to better imaging), most thyroid cancers are low-risk Survival rates are excellent, especially when detected early

🧠 What does this mean for patients?

Only 5–10% of thyroid nodules are cancer The most common type, papillary thyroid cancer, has a >95% long-term survival Many patients can be treated with limited surgery or even active surveillance

🔍 Why are we diagnosing more thyroid cancer?

Widespread use of high-resolution ultrasound Detection of small, clinically indolent tumors ➡️ This is why risk stratification and thoughtful management are critical—to avoid overtreatment.

🦋 The big picture

Thyroid cancer is:

✔️ Commonly curable

✔️ Often slow-growing

✔️ Best managed with individualized, evidence-based care

👨‍⚕️ Dr. Rodrigo Arrangoiz, MD

Surgical Oncologist – Thyroid, Head & Neck, Breast

Mount Sinai Medical Center

📌 Take-home message:

Most thyroid nodules are benign, and even when cancer is present, outcomes are overwhelmingly favorable when managed correctly.

📚 References

SEER Cancer Statistics Review Haugen BR et al. ATA Guidelines. Thyroid Brito JP et al. Overdiagnosis of Thyroid Cancer. BMJ

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