Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroidits)

  • Of all autoimmune disorders, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis:
    • Is by far the most prevalent
  • The eponym Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT):
    • Relates to Dr. Hashimoto, from Japan, who, in 1912:
      • First reported a connection between goiter and intrathyroidal lymphocytic inflammation:
        • Referring to it as“struma lym-
          phomatosa”
  • HT is understood to be an autoimmune condition:
    • In which activation of the immune system against the thyroid:
      • Leads to increased presentation of thyroid antigens and a rise in Th-1 T-cell cytotoxic action:
        • Mediated by ICAM-1-mediated CD8+ cells:
          • Thereby causing the disruption of thyroid follicles and cell apoptosis
  • Typically, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and / or thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb):
    • Can be measured in the serum of patients with active HT
  • In the general population, up to 20% of adults may have measurable thyroid antibody titers, which occur more often in the elderly and women

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