CDH 1 Mutation and Breast Cancer

  • Recognizing family history patterns associated with specific gene mutations is important
  • A family history of invasive lobular cancer and gastric cancer may be associated with CDH1 mutations:
    • These mutations confer a 6.6 times greater risk of breast cancer than the general population and are associated with a high risk of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (55% to 80%)
  • Patients with CDH1 mutations:
    • Should be offered prophylactic gastrectomy and consideration of bilateral prophylactic mastectomy based on family history
    • If surgery is not pursued, guidelines for screening for gastric cancer include:
      • Yearly endoscopic surveillance with random mucosal biopsies
    • Breast screening consists of:
      • Annual mammogram and breast MRI
  • References
    • Hansford S, Kaurah P, Li-Chang H, Woo M, Senz J, Pinheiro H, et al. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome: CDH1 mutations and beyond. JAMA Oncol.2015;1(1):23-32.
    • Weiss A, Garber JE, King T. Breast cancer surgical risk reduction for patients with inherited mutations in moderate penetrance genes. JAMA Surg. 2018;153(12):1145-1146
    • van der Post RS, Vogelaar IP, Carneiro F, Guilford P, Huntsman D, Hoogerbrugge N, et al . Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer: updated clinical guidelines with an emphasis on germline CDH1 mutation carriers. J Med Genet. 2015;52(6):361-374.
    • National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines. Genetic/familial high-risk assessment: breast and ovarian, Version 1/2018. https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/genetics_screening.pdf. Accessed November 9, 2019.
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