Breast Calcifications

  • Screening mammography:
    • Is important in identifying breast cancer at an early stage
  • Calcifications have many forms:
    • The characteristics of the calcifications:
      • Help identify whether they are associated with a benign or malignant process
    • Smooth, round, large and layering calcium:
      • Are generally associated with benign findings
Round and punctate calcifications. Lobular. This group of calcifications is characterized by relatively monomorphic round and punctate calcifications having some variation in density. No linear forms or linear orientation is seen. BI-RADS 2: Benign finding
  • Fine, irregular, punctate, linear and branching, and pleomorphic calcifications:
    • Are characteristics generally associated with malignant findings
Fine Linear or Fine Linear Branching
These are thin, linear or curvilinear irregular calcifications.
They may be discontinuous.
Their appearance suggests filling of the lumen of a duct, i.e. ‘casting’ calcifications.
These calcifications are classified as Bi-RADS 4C.
On the left calcifications in a segmental distribution.
Some have a linear distribution and some have a branching morphology.
This is highly suggestive of malignancy (Bi-RADS 4C)
  • Magnification views of the calcifications are essential in helping to evaluate the calcifications to determine the appearance and to be able to accurately interpret the findings
  • References:
    • Brant W, Helms C. Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology, 5th Edition. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2019
    • Baldwin P. Breast calcification imaging. Radiol Technol. 2013;84(4):383M-404M.

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