- Screening mammography:
- Is important in identifying breast cancer at an early stage
- Calcifications have many forms:
- The characteristics of the calcifications:
- Help identify whether they are associated with a benign or malignant process
- Smooth, round, large and layering calcium:
- Are generally associated with benign findings
- The characteristics of the calcifications:

- Fine, irregular, punctate, linear and branching, and pleomorphic calcifications:
- Are characteristics generally associated with malignant findings

These are thin, linear or curvilinear irregular calcifications.
They may be discontinuous.
Their appearance suggests filling of the lumen of a duct, i.e. ‘casting’ calcifications.
These calcifications are classified as Bi-RADS 4C.
On the left calcifications in a segmental distribution.
Some have a linear distribution and some have a branching morphology.
This is highly suggestive of malignancy (Bi-RADS 4C)
- Magnification views of the calcifications are essential in helping to evaluate the calcifications to determine the appearance and to be able to accurately interpret the findings
- References:
- Brant W, Helms C. Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology, 5th Edition. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2019
- Baldwin P. Breast calcification imaging. Radiol Technol. 2013;84(4):383M-404M.
